Electromagnet



March 22,1927.

1,622,080 R. A. BLAKE ELECTROMAGNET Filed Max/26, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 S IN "I I" ff.

fwn/Ess NORA/EVS Patented Mar. 22, '1927.

UNETED STA'ES ROBERT A. BLAKE, GF BRQKLYN, NEW YORK.

ELECTROMAGNET.

Application filed iay 26, 1924.

This invention relates to electromagnets particularly adapted Ytor imparting power to various mechanisms and the objects ot' the invention are to produce a device ot' this character which is of simple and economical construction, durable in use, and effective in operation.

To this end, my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination ot parts herein shown and described and more particularly pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown one construction by way of example, in which my invention may be employed and which will be described, it being premised however that various chances may be made in the details of construction and arrange ment by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention as delined by the appended claim.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the device; Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical cross section of the solenoid showing plunger, rod and other parts; Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section showing the end view of the solenoid with plunger and rod; Fig` 4 is a cross section through line 4-4 of F ig. 2; Fig. 5 is a cross section through line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

To show how this electroinaggiietl may be operated, l illustrate by adverting to the construction which, as an example, I show in the drawings, wherein like numerals ot reference indicate like parts. Upon the main base 10 are holes as shown at 12 for intake and expulsion of air to assist in keepin the solenoid 17 and th-e plunger 13 cool. 18 is an iron shield partly surrounding magnetic wire coil 2O of solenoid 17 and is sometimes termed an iron clad and, in the illustratecl example, constitutes a part of the magnetic circuit ot the solenoid 17. 19 is a bobbin ot brass or of indurated fiber or ot other non-magnetizable material on which wire coil 20 is wound. 13 is a hollow iron plunger independent ot solenoid 17 and contains apertures or holes as shown at 14 and having bearings as shown at 15. At each bearing end of plunger are holes or apertures as shown at 16 pierced through to allow air to enter and pass while plunger 13 is in motion. In other words, said bearings are air cooled. 21 is a guide rod upon which the hollow plunger 13 is adapted to slide. 22 indicates structural rods of non-magnet- Seri'al No. 715,802.

izable material to which the cross bar 23 is attached in order to support the guide rod 2l, a bearing 1l supporting the opposite end ot rod 21; the structural rods may be fastened to the ircnclad case by any approved method. 24 indicates two pit-man bars at tached to hollow plunger 13 and are provided with two spaced collars pivotally connected at to one end ot' the walking beam 26; the latter swings on fram-e 27 and atthat end which is opposite to 25 carries a link 2.3 connected to a. holder rod 28 to carry the counterweights 29 movable on a guide rod 30. guide rod 30 is located at the end ot the holder rod 2,8 away Yfrom the walking beam 26, to take up the movement oft' the counter weight 29 as ythe same approaches the spring end of the holder rod 2S. The shaft 31 pivoted in trame 27 which carries the walk ing beam or crank 26. has atrixed to itself an arm 32 which in turn is connected with a rod 33 passing slidably through a guide 34. rihe rod 33 bears two spaced guide plates 35 and 3G, the one. being a connecting guide plate, the other 3G being a braking guide plate, at and near respectively the end of said rod 33 opposite to the end where said rod 33 meets the arm rl`he guide plates 35 and 36 partake ot the to and tro movements of the rod 33 by the action of the arm 32 and walking beam 26 and serve to actuate the contact lever 37 upon the pivot 38 and shift the contact brush 39 carried thereby and thus make and break the connection between contact arm 40 and contact brush 39. These three parts 39, 40 and 41 form part of the means whereby the electric current proceeds to the solenoid 17 when the contact brush 39 is closed. Contact brush 39 is continuously in contact relation with contact arm 41 which latter is connected to the source of energy by wire 42. Contact arm 40 connects with wire 43, which is the conductor of electrical energy to the coil of wire 2O of solenoid 17. Vire 44 is the conductor for electric current moving away from solenoid 17. The space between the exterior surface of plunger 13 and the interior surface of bobbin 19 of solenoid 17 is indicated by 45. lVhen the arm 32 is in a position nearer to main base 10, the contact lever 37 is actuated to swing on pivot 38, thereby moving the contact brush 39 out of contact with the contact arm 40 and thereby breaking the electric circuit and de- A shock absorbing spring 30 on 7 energizing the solenoid 17; as a result of this action, the plunger 18 is released in the solenoid 17 so that said plunger may be moved out of the solenoid bythe counterweight 29 or other equivalent mechanism acting upon the walking beam 26. With the rod 33 moving away from main base l0, the contact lever 37 is actuated to come back so that contact brush 39 again engages the Contact arm 40 and closes the electric cir cuit so that the electric current proceeds into the solenoid 17 along the wire 43; by this electrical energization of the solenoid 17 the plunger 13 is caused to be again drawn into saidV solenoid 17. The plunger 13 may be connected to various forms Vot mechanism to accomplish divers objects.

In the electromagnet which I employ, the plunger 13 is perfo-rated with apertures as shown at 14, thus giving external and internal surface area and thereby affording better conditions tor electric action. This plunger is hollou7 and Ybears against the guide rod 21 only at each end of the plunger 18 thereby reducing friction to a minimum with respect to the guide rod 21. This plunger does not come into actual contact with the surrounding bobbin 19 of the solenoid, so that friction between the surface ot the plunger 13 and the bobbin of the solenoid 17 is also eliminated; in addition, by the omission of this friction which would occur were the plunger to Vtouch the bobbin 19 of the solenoid, the electric and magnetic forces are free to exert their influence without the interference that would otherwise be produced between the said plunger and solenoid. Further, the surrounding air existing in the space between the plunger and the solenoid and in the Vapertures Vin the plunger itself aids in keeping the plunger and solenoid free in considerable measure from a heated condition, which latter condition works to the disadvantage o' electromagnets that are now ,in use. By means or' my improvement in electroma-gnets, I provide for the operation of same with very much less heating effect, and with reatively increased wattage.

I claim:

An electrical power appliance comprising a solenoid, a base member on which the solenoid is supported, said base'member having holes in its side walls, upstanding side rods disposed at diametricaily opposite points on the solenoid and projecting upwardly therefrom, a cross bar connecting said. side rods, a guide rod extending axially through the solenoid and connected at its upper end with the cross bar at an intermediate point in the latter and at t-he lower end secured to the baseI` and a hollow plunger in surrounding relationto and having' slide'bearings mounted upon the guide rod, the plunger being reduced in diameter below the bore of the solenoid to provide al minute clearance space between it and the solenoid and having series of air passages in surrounding reiation to the slide bearings and lateral openings eifecting communication interiorly between it a-nd the clearance space. Y

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. Y

ROBERT A. BLAKE. Y 

